Grammar Essentials: The Complete Guide

Parallel Structure

Parallel structure ensures that ideas in a list or series are presented in a consistent form:

  • Correct: “She enjoys reading, writing, and drawing.”
  • Incorrect: “She enjoys reading, writing, and to draw.”

Pronoun Reference and Agreement

Pronouns must agree with their antecedents in number and gender:

  • Correct: “Everyone took their seats.”
  • Incorrect: “Everyone took his or her seat.”

Ellipsis and Dash Usage

The ellipsis (…) shows omission or unfinished thoughts, while the dash (–) adds emphasis or introduces explanations.

  • Ellipsis Example: “She looked at him, but couldn’t say anything…”
  • Dash Example: “She loves one thing – writing.”